Chimpanzees heal their wounds with plants that use traditional medicine shadam | Science

Like by men, Chimpanzees Their injuries cure. They press them, they plug them with their hands, they are applied with the properties of healing and leaves and stems before using them as plaster. A job published by the 30 -year observations and the Scientific Journal Boundaries in environmental science and evolution It shows that after intercourse or constipation they also have hygiene behaviors. Previous studies have already demonstrated similar methods in other species Great monkeysLike orangutans or gorillas, but the chimpanzees also cure others, which are very close to human alignment.

In Budongo Jungle (Uganda) has been studying chimpanzees for more than 30 years. With patience, the prematologists have been accustomed to their existence, leaving them to reach very few meters. In the Sonso community, which had studied since 1990, 68 recognized copies lived. Meanwhile, in Vibira, with the existence of scientists since 2011, the population has exceeded one hundred. The fruit of this work last year, these monkeys take some trees bark Antibiotic properties.

“The chimpanzees of this article are similar to the previous one,” said Eleody Freeman, the first author of Oxford University and research. “On this occasion, when these chimpanzees are sick or analyzing the plants that eat as possible medicine -eating plants with parasites, I focus on external care forms (healing wounds and wounds, withdrawing loops, cleaning behaviors …),” he said. In addition, “In other works, we only focus on self -conservation, self -medium. Now, we also report social behaviors, targeting others,” is complete. For his own observations in the field in the eight -month field, Freeman joined the study and analysis of his colleagues in Budongo since 1990.

Since 1993, about 50 cases have been registered by the priests. Majority, 34 of them, with injured chimpanzee. But there are many who have healed the other members of the group. The total number is likely to be very large, but at the beginning of research, these behaviors are not systematically recorded. In fact, in four months in Freeman Sonso, in the summer of 2021, he will notice 12 cases of injury. All injuries were caused by violence in the group, two of which occurred during two pediatricians, in which one of them and the other were aggressive in the mother.

In Vebira, Freeman registered four injuries in another four months. Caused by a very serious trap. “I noticed a PavelaA young female, trapped in the wire trap. He was around his feet and looked very recent. Unfortunately, he did not survive and did not see her again that day, “he said. Humans made of nylon or wires are placed to hunt them to hunt gainelops, but they also hold chimpanzees. In fact, 40% of the Sonso community members have spots of one of these loops.

“When the chimpanzees are trapped in the traps, their consciousness is severely affected. They often lose an organ, and at other times they die.” “When the chimpanzee is trapped, it usually disappears and goes away from the group for a while, especially if it is limited to it. It can give them serious social consequences, which can cause serious social consequences. “I returned to Budongo a few weeks ago and hooked one of Sonso’s alpha male. It was difficult for him to maintain control over the group,” the researcher said. In his stay, he could not see them, but in Diyario de Sonso, many cases were collected in which scientists noticed how one chimpanzee had helped one chimpanzee.

Work collects how to cure injuries. Tapping the first and most common wound in behaviors. In addition to cleaning it to prevent infections, the saliva has antimicrobial properties, studies with other animals, if not in chimpanzees. Another behavior is to take your fingers to your mouth and then put them on the wound. Two are the most widely direct application of leaves or chew them and apply them on the las being. The interesting thing is that they do not use any plant. There are four different species of this study, with all the recognized or intended features. This is in the case of sheets Pseudospondias MicrocarpaFor the treatment of various pathologies, it has been used in many countries in central Africa. The leaves of Argomulera Macropilla They are used to treat chimpanzees for their injuries, but in the Ivory Coast, humans in the coast of purging their sap and treating it to assite.

Although it is not the goal of this task, it also records many cases of other behaviors related to hygiene. Therefore, many animals have recorded cleaning after the leaves of the genital area after two events: intercourse or their needs.

In the past year, many of the four great monkeys have been declared that three of the great monkeys have shown how they use their injuries or diseases. The image of Orangutan Greed Applying plaster on the wound on his face, which disappear within three weeks, is unusual, but it is difficult to observe these animals in a natural state. Other orangutans were seen eating ginger leaves used as medicine in Southeast Asia.

When it comes to Gorillas, the Bern Hard Nocht Institute of Tropical Medicine (Germany) has been finalizing the job they have been doing since 2019. Home mountain gorillas It is left. These species are accompanied by their pathogens, so they have to develop protective behaviors. But in gorillas or in orangutons and chimpanzees, yes and yes: did not heal others. On Bonobos, there are many opportunities that have these social behaviors, even if there are no direct observations, and its great empathy than chimpanzees

Susana Carvalho, Associate Director of Polyontrology and Primetology Gorongosa National Park (Mozambique) and primethologists have been found to have a lot of discussions about altracle, mutual and cooperation in chimpanzees. “Most researchers have argued that there are no behavior to help others if chimpanzees do not receive the gift. However, longitudinal studies are not on this issue, and some captivity chimpanzees can help others, despite the cost, and the high cost,”. That is why the importance of this work appears to be a senior writer.

For carwalho, in chimpanzees, the protection of others in the chimpanzees should lead to review of the study of the sources of socialism. “Perhaps, we will share a long evolutionary story with chimpanzees about what we have taken before,” he wrote in an email. In his opinion, he may have emerged in similar cases, where the survival of the group of others became the basic for the survival and health of the group, justifies the care of people who are unrelated. “Therefore, its roots are more related to the care of others than sharing objects,” he ends.