Geographical diversity: one of the aspects of sustainability for the planet

Nature is a broad concept that includes forgotten geographical diversity. This is an unimaginable component to plan the region and protect nature, because it prepares for life on the planet of biological diversity.

Written by Joanna Rodriguez *

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Who among us has never thought about the words of “nature” and “biological diversity” as a synonym, and treat them as if they had the same meaning, without even raising the eyebrow?

In order to consider these synonym concepts, how to confuse the human body and its muscles: biological diversity will be muscles, full of work and life, but nature will be the whole body, and also includes bones and organs, and it is necessary to achieve global balance and performance.

Thus, nature is a broader concept that does not only include biological diversity, but also “geological diversity”, which is the non -nature component, and is often invisible to our eyes, and thus.

But instead of a rehearsal about blindness, I suggest an autopsy exercise.

When we talk about geographical diversity, we are talking about the diversity of geological materials that make up our planet, such as minerals, rocks, or fossils, as well as relief forms such as mountains, valleys, slopes, sand dunes, or others that distinguish the Earth. We also talk about the active processes that make up the planet, such as earthquakes, volcanoes, or corrosion phenomena. Geodisia also includes basic elements such as water and soil – the interface between biological diversity and geographical diversity, which is often called the “skin” of the planet, because it corresponds to the outer layer that preserves life.

In addition to being everywhere around us, geodesa diversity is necessary for the well -being of our current society, providing raw materials, energy, pure water, habitats and contributing to the organization of natural courses. It can be said that geographical diversity is essential to the sustainability of our planet and the quality of society.

Geodis diversity is also the basis of biological diversity and an essential element of life on the planet. The geographical diversity elements create a variety of and unique affiliations, which allow adaptation and survival on the survival of different types. For example, mountainous areas provide differences in height and microkemima, allowing a large diversity of life. Mineral soil that prefers the growth of vegetation, which in turn preserves a wide range of animal species and contributes to preserving eating chains and environmental balance.

If we now look in more detail about the forests, we see that these ecosystems depend directly on the geographical diversity to support its biological diversity and perform vital functions, such as climate planning or a toilet. Of course, the diversity of forests and their geographical distribution are associated with rocks and relief forms that affect the type of soil and micro -dimine, the way in which water is drained and other factors affecting the preservation of nutrients in the growth of soil and plants.

Thus, thanks to the geographical diversity of Portugal, we find, for example, pine forests in more mountainous areas, where the soil is usually more sandy, loose and permeable, with slower drainage. Or installed, formed by jam, Ox Cork and X, which grow in nice inscriptions, typical of the plateau areas, with enforceable soils and good drainage, suitable for more dry climates, while Riveris forests, such as those in friends and rows, are affected, along the rivers and in easy areas, directly with water.

Strong relationships between geographical diversity and biological diversity

On the other hand, the forests, because of its structure and natural functions, play an important role in retaining water and preventing corrosion, which indicates that the relationship between geographical diversity and biological diversity, along with a complex, is very interconnected!

But let’s continue to dissect …. Let’s talk now about excavations, which are also part of the geographical diversity and have great importance, both in the context of scientific research and geological heritage.

Plant excavations, preserved by natural processes over millions of years, act as testimonies and windows for the past. It allows to track the development of plants, from the most primitive shapes, such as algae, to the great diversity of species that currently form forests. It helps to understand aspects such as old environments, climate change, the emergence of new species, and adaptations for these species and their extinction throughout the history of the planet. Note that in Portugal, the recent major relevant discoveries were conducted in this field.

This strong bond between geographical diversity and biodiversity makes its integrated management necessary to improve environmental sustainability. Although geographical diversity appears, at first glance, strong and fortified against threats, this perception does not correspond to reality. Activities such as building large infrastructure, urbanization, intense cultivation, or instead exploitation of geological resources may give up. Such procedures can cause irreversible changes in natural systems, such as waterproofing and even the destruction of soil, the acceleration of corrosion or the deterioration of geochi and environmental balances, which affects the basic natural cycles such as the water cycle.

We cannot conclude without emphasizing that land planning and nature conservation must inevitably integrate the management of geographical diversity and the preservation of geological heritage. This means, first of all, to remove the geographical diversity of the dispute, which makes it clear in everyone’s eyes, with the realization of its importance and attributes the value that it really deserves.

* A degree in geology, from the University of Porto. Essay originally on the forests.

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