In the world secular and richest tradition: Learn the history of Harvard University
The internal security department of USA On Thursday, 22, verification of Student Exchange Program Harvard University – It immediately blocks the opportunity to enroll international students.
This action is part of the revenge of presidential Donald Trump Against the most prestigious educational institution in the country.
Republican has long been known for its traditional behavior. Since returning to the White House, Trump has taken action against progressive movements and opposing groups.
In turn, the Harvard Campus has been accused of ideological arrangement against anti -semitism and the US government. After refusing to meet the needs of educational policies, appointment and admission, Donald Trump In April, the university announced the freezing of $ 2.2 billion in federal funds.
This action has been described as part of a wide range of campaigns against the higher education institutions that Trump has pointed out to be progressive ideology, along with threatening to eliminate tax deductions and prevent the entry of foreign students.
However, while other organizations surrendered to the president’s threats, Harvard put his posture in the company.
D yala of great heroes
Founded in 1636, Harvard University was the ancient higher education institution in the United States. The Ivy League is the most controversial of the Athletic Association, including Brown, Colombia, Yale and Cornella, the northeastern of the country, including the eight major private universities.
Its origin belongs to the Massachusetts State Assembly in Cambridge, where it is first known as New College. Three years later, in 1639, the company was named Harvard College, John Harvard, a young clergyman and former student at the University of Cambridge, who led his wealth to the university after his early death.
Harvard’s initial purpose is to prepare ministers for Congress and Unitaristic Churches, reflecting the Puritan effects of New England’s first colonialist. Although it was not officially tied to a certain religious category, its curriculum and the student body in the 18th century were gradually subjected to the process of secularization.
Over the years, the company is for his great alumni and scientist J. Robert Openheimer, businessmen, Bil Gates (Microsoft founder) and Mark Zuckerberg (Meta) are popular with Eduardo Saverin (Facebook) and George Paulo Lemon. In addition to big names in American politics, former vice president Al Gore, former first woman Michelle Obama and former presidents Barack Obama and George W. Bush and John F.Kennadi.
The richest university on the planet
Harvard is not only the most recognized university in the United States, but also the richest organization in both the country and the world.
The university has assets funding its operations through its own investments – more than $ 53 billion (R $ 308 billion) – more than gross domestic product of 120 countries, including Iceland, Bolivia, Honduras and Paraguay. Its Patrimonial Fund exceeds other Ivy league companies such as Yale, Colombia and Princeton.
This heritage is built through donations, effective financial management and private investment in nearly 350 years, which is sufficient to prevent political and financial pressure that can move Harvard resources, theoretically, other educational institutions.
“Harvard has existed for nearly 350 years. They have shown the amazing ability to attract support. Steven Bloom, Assistant Vice President of Government Relations in BBC, has been dedicated to alumni, donors and many more.”
According to the British newspaper, Harvard submitted a strong financial structure in his recent financial reports, a surplus of $ 45 million, AAA credit rating, net assets and investments of $ 61 billion, as well as a $ 1.5 billion rotary credit line.
Oh Harvard endowment It acts as a mutual theme formed by different subdivisions, and each is maintained by the specific situations established by donors. These resources have been invested to earn revenue: by 2024, this return is 9.6%, compared to 2.9% of the previous year.
Although this amount is high, more than 80% of scholarships, chairs, medical research and financial assistance are legally intended for specific uses.
“Most people do not understand what the donation is. They think this is like a checking account, but in fact it is impossible to withdraw money from a debit card for any purpose,” Bloom explained.
In addition, the university may experience lawsuits in US courts if the donor does not spend money according to the instructions.
The related part of the budget (about 16%) depends on federal resources, which are mostly linked to scientific research.
How does the Federal government affect Harvard?
Considering the high quality of education, Harvard It is one of the most expensive universities in the world, monthly fees per year, 000 79,000 exceeds 000 79,000 – it is higher than the American average.
Despite the high income from tuition and donations, most students do not pay for teaching. Families with income less than US $ 85,000 per year have free or subsidized education, but families with income between US $ 85,000 and US $ 150,000 contribute up to 10% of the annual income.
In 2023, Harvard invested in financial assistance of over $ 850 million, which was mostly covered by returning the Heritage Fund.
Therefore, federal funds are fundamental to the company, especially in the area of scientific and medical research. “Federal funds do not bear the cost of tuition, but to support their enormous scientific and research activities such as many major universities,” Bloom told BBC.
Most of these resources are not directly to the university, which are legally intended for affiliated hospitals such as the General Hospital, which are legally researching serious diseases such as cancer, AIDS and transplantation.
On the other hand, the relationship between the state and the universities is beyond concessions. This is a public-private partnership that has been initiated by the scientific progress needed for the community for decades. Government support is not only Harvard, but also for national research programs that rely on these educational infrastructure. Without free access to the use of assets of property funds, Harvard also has less comfort to deal with financial emergency conditions.
Some experts claim that the university can issue short -term financing or titles to protect its liquidity from resorting to heritage fund directly. However, if government pressure continues, uncertainty period may be installed. In addition, loss of tax deduction makes the scenario more challenging.
Trump has intensified the attacks on universities, promoting the progressive agenda and threatening to reduce public funds to companies that allow traditional voices censoring or anti -Israel protests.
Since the beginning of pro -Palestine protests on several American campuses in 2023, the Jewish students reported insecurity as a result of the war in Gaza, while others put neutrality or joined the exhibition.
Harvard has taken steps to suspend the allegations of anti -Israeli bias and resolve two cases through anti -semitism without accepting guilt, but the government has constantly rejected the intervention of the government in its administration.
