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Estrogen is a multi -use weapon of hormones, and it is known as its diverse uses in scientists. In addition to its main role in promoting sex and reproductive health, it strengthens the bones, maintains the softness of the skin, regulates blood sugar levels, increases blood flow, reduces infections, and supports the central nervous system.

In this case, the “Innovation Center in Brain Sciences” affiliated with the University of Arizona, Roberta Bernon, “Any member calls him, you will find that estrogen will increase his health.”

Estrogen effects on the brain

However, it is too late to assess the widespread character of estrogen. This compound was originally marked in 1923, and since then the female hormone is known – a single -dimensional description associated with his name.

The name “estrogen” comes from the Greek word “Ostrus”, and literally means “problematic fly”, which is known to provoke cattle and push them towards crazy anger. Scientifically, however, the word estrus has changed during the period of certain mammary sessions, including females fertile and sexually active.

When it comes to human beings, they enter the stage of “estrus”, but they are triggered. However, when the name “estrogen” is known, its role is limited to stimulate sexual arousal and contribute to female sexual health. Today, the role of estrogen may be important in its characters, which may be detected: its effect on the brain.

Neuro scientists have found that estrogen is needed for healthy brain growth, but it also contributes to cases such as multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease. In addition, changes in estrogen levels – due to strui decay or external sources – increase migraines, epilepsy and other common nervous symptoms.

“There are a large number of neurological diseases. It is affected by sex hormonal fluctuations.” Many treatments used in reproductive medicine shadam should be re -employed for the treatment of these neurological diseases. In a recent review published in “Brain Medicine”, it is reported that it has added twelve.

Today, it is a change in the process of dealing with brain health and related diseases, realizing that sex hormones are the same time for brain hormones; What helps them to treat, prevent harmful reactions and develop new hormonal based treatments.

Receptions everywhere

In women, estrogen is mainly produced in the ovaries, producing smaller sizes through the adrenal glands and fat cells. In men, estrogen can be transformed from testosterone in testicles and sperm production, bone strengthening, liver function, fat metabolism and others.

However, in both sexes, the brain also produces its own estrogen; Ensures its nervous importance. On it, the neurologist and director of the “Women’s Brain Protection Initiative” affiliated to Will Cornell College explained: “The brain is partially promised, a member of the deaf gland.”

Estrogen receptors are rich in the brain, which runs throughout life. In the past, these receptors are believed to be concentrated on structures with specific genital tasks such as pituitary and hypothalamus. In fact, Maskuni, who has developed pet technology (bouzern photography) to monitor the receptors inside the live brain, “It is everywhere.” “We couldn’t even find a completely empty area,” he added.

Inside the brain, estrogen is directly associated with receptors in neurons and other cells, which creates a range of reactions. It can also be degraded to metabolic products called “neurosuroids”, which have their own long -term effects.

Some of these nerve steroids are used in specialized treatments: the metaphysical product of progesterone is “Albragenolone”, which is the basis for the drug used to treat certain types of epilepsy. He is currently tested in the clinical trial as a potential restoration treatment for Alzheimer’s disease.

Inside the uterus, estrogen from the mother helps to control the neurotransmitters of the fetus, directs the production of brain cells and affects the growth of various brain areas. During major transitions such as puberty, pregnancy and menopause, estrogen helps to rebuild and rebuild the brain.

However, researchers have now realized that estrogen affects the formation of brain at all stages of life; It can handle neurons, reduce inflammation, increase neuropathy, change glucose energy, prevent the accumulation of plaques, and improve blood flow inside the brain.

However, what to pay for him is that all these effects are not positive. The doctor found that the long -term use of estrogen could lead to the progress of some parts of the brain through experiments on rats, by experiments on rats. He said: “There is no single hormone,” adds: “I see estrogen with a knife.”

Pregnancy and brain protection

Previously, neuro scientists knew that the estrogen had the effects beyond the reproductive system, but they chose not to study: before 2016, they were usually excluded from the experiments of female animals, to prevent behavioral and physical differences.

In this case, Neurology at the University of California in Los Angeles “Comprehensive Time Program”

In 1998, Foscol was looking for a molecule that protected the brain from the effects of sclerosis, which attacked the immune system of neurons, removed its protective shield. Sclerosis affects almost a million Americans, most of them.

Her research began with clinical observation: It was reported that pregnancy protects women from multiple sclerosis symptoms. In the last third of the pregnancy, re -related status rates are reduced by 70 percent; Pregnancy appears effectively. However, this protection is temporary, after birth, the risk of re -related status is serious.

As a result, Foscol is aware of the matter, as the immune system is calm during pregnancy, perhaps to protect the embryos, it is half a stranger. However, she suspected that there was a deep cause. She says: “The mother is not only anti -inflammatory but also protects the nerves.”

Of course, this substance – Essriol – a kind of estrogen is mainly produced by the mavi. In 2016, Foscol showed that through a random clinical trial on 164 women, it had significantly reduced the re -PS conditions of the osstiol treatment and multiple sclerosis for two years.

It improves the functions of understanding and reduces the deterioration of the gray material in the brain.

Estriol is safely known; Patients who lived in menopause in Europe have been using it for decades. Unlike estradiol, estradiol is not strongly associated with breast receptors; This means that there is no risk of chronic breast cancer. Therefore; Fosol describes it: “Gift to scientists.”

Certainly, these are good results for patients with multiple sclerosis. Today, Foscol is studying whether this result applies not only to multiple sclerosis patients but to menopause women. It has developed patent hormonal treatment called “Pearlpack”, which includes ESTOL and sells Cleopatra RX, which has a medical adviser.

According to the website, “Pearl Back” can solve “memory problems and cognitive health as a result of menopause.” This hypothesis, Fosol is trying to test, by monitoring women who use “pearl back” annually, through cognitive tests. On this, she said: “I will apply the procedure we follow in the treatment of multiple sclerosis on menopause.”

She warned that the results would not be the strength of random experiences, but that other companies that specialize in dealing with menopause were promoting such interests without adequate evidence. “At least we have a real material,” he added.

Shot

This is not the first time it has been encouraged to treat estrogen as a comprehensive solution to menopause. “Prior to 2000, Estrogen seemed a secret medicine shadam,” said Chevir.

At that time, it is believed that the hormone protects the brain from strokes and Alzheimer’s disease – many studies on animals and some observation studies on humans.

However, in 2003, things were reversed as “Women’s Memory Health Initiative” – ​​a key clinical trial that followed the long -term effects of hormonal treatment in women – after menopause – elderly women who took only estrogen (not estrogen with progesterone), compared to women.

Doctors stopped explaining estrogen to women after menopause, and women stopped eating it in fear of these results. “The position of most scientists is as follows: Why do we read it? Women no longer take estrogen, so there is no use in research,” it is said to be devastating. “

Subsequently, this result was found only for women who started estrogen therapy at the age of 65 or more, that is, after the last Stru wheel, after the last Stru wheel. In the case of women between the ages of 50 and 55, a comprehensive review shows that estrogen effect is neutral on the risk of dementia. The original study was not included in small women.

Now, researchers have to go beyond the idea that estrogen protects the brain and ask for a more accurate question: How, how, how, this hormone protects the brain?

Focus on the sources of Alzheimer’s

The role of estrogen in brain health reaches the most empty and obvious level of menopause, when its degeneration reduces the appearance of well -known and hated cognitive symptoms: heat burns, sleep disturbance and brain obscure. Some neurological scientists believe that estrogen loss is one of the main reasons for women with the possibility of developing Alzheimer’s disease, twice as much as men.

With a decline in estrogen levels, the brain also changes. Menopause also depends on the brain as a source of energy on glucose and helps to change estrogen power. After the menopause, the brain begins to rely on alternative energy sources, including the use of its white matter, and Bernon has revealed in studies conducted on animals.

“This is a response to the hunger,” Bernon said: “It has nothing to do with regeneration capacity, but everything related to the brain goes through the transition phase.”

This phase may be the starting point, in which cognitive weakness associated with Alzheimer’s – in theory, can help prevent estrogen therapy or another interference cognitive decline. However, there is no way to see it in Bernan’s human brain. In 2014, she contacted the Neurological Photography Expert Muskuni for help.

At that time, doctors were able to measure not only estrogen levels in the blood, but millions of Americans realized that a kind of estrogen -based treatment was used, and no one knows its effect on their brains. So; Photo technique has developed to see estrogen receptors in the brain by re -using the radioactive substance used first to detect the same receptors in breast canal.

In 2024, she and Bernon were surprised when they found that the number of estrogen receptors in the brain was increasing significantly after menopause, perhaps trying to attract this hormone. Really interesting, women are higher for estrogen receptors, the results of her memory and cognitive abilities.

In February, Million launched a Million 50 million research program at the “Velcom Leep” Foundation funded by the Muskoni, “Alzheimer’s risk by endocrinology by Alzheimer’s.”

Due to brain changes associated with estrogen, Musco is expected to monitor women’s identity for the development of Alzheimer’s and whether hormonal treatment provided during the critical period is to help reduce the risk of infection.

* The New York Times Service